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Asthma
What is Asthma
Asthma is a chronic disease involving the airways in the lungs. These airways, or bronchial tubes, allow air to come in and out of the lungs.
If you have asthma your airways are always inflamed. They become even more swollen and the muscles around the airways can tighten when something triggers your symptoms. This makes it difficult for air to move in and out of the lungs, causing symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath and/or chest tightness.
Three main factors that cause this narrowing of the airways are:
- The inside lining of the airways becomes red and swollen (inflamed)
- The muscle around the airway tightens
- Extra mucus may be produced
Main symptoms of asthma are:
- Wheezing – a high pitched raspy sound on breathing
- Coughing
- Shortness of breath
- Tightness in chest
These symptoms vary from person to person and from time to time, within the same person. Some people have all the symptoms, while others may only have a cough or wheeze.
Sometimes, asthma symptoms are mild and go away on their own or after minimal treatment with asthma medication. Other times, symptoms continue to get worse.
When symptoms get more intense and/or more symptoms occur, you are having an asthma attack. Asthma attacks are also called flare-ups or exacerbations.